Asthma - Dama

Dama ik mohlik mataa'di marz hai. iss se lungs ki choti naalioon mein sozish paida hojati hai, jis se galay mein kharish hoti hai. ilaamaat mein khaansi, seenay, mein khanchao aur sasn ka chota hona etc hain. Karanak Asthma mein hawai naalioon mein sozish, mehdood bar bar sasn kay sath hoti hai. mahereen ka khayaal hai kay abhi tak Asthma kay sabab ki tahqeeq namukamal hai duniya kay kahin mumalik mein Asthma kay waqiat mein ziadhti horahi hai. jahan takreeban 10-15 % mutasir horahi hay iss per geographic halaat bhi asar andaz hain. Jaisa New Zealand mein ziadha , china, markazi Europe and Malaysia mein bohat kam waqiat record kaee haye. Asthma ko do hisson mein taqseem kar saktay hain. 
1.    Extrinsic
2.    Intrinzi
Extrinsic Asthma in logun ko ziadha hota hai jin ki jild bayrooni Virus se ziadha Alergic ho aur yeh kamzoor logun par hamil hai takreeban 90% bachay sasn kay zariye Allergens ko andar lay jatay hain aur 50% jawanoon ko hoa hay. Aik aur eham asbad yeh hay kay laboratories mein kam karnay walay Asthma kay Allergens kay zariye ziadha hain isshas hain, nisbat dosray karigaroon kay.
Intrinz Asthma dair se bari umaer walay logun ko hota hai. lekhin iss tara kay sabab Asthma ki tashkhees mein ziadha karamad nahi hain. 
Shadeed Bronchitis ka doraniyan bar jaye to iss se lungs mutaram hotay hain aur sasn ki naalioon mein sozish hojatai hai iss se Asthma ki ilaamaat bar jati hain. Dil aur lungs kay baaz, hamal, dimaghi kharish aur athisk bhi dama kay sabab hain. Baaz okat allergic paisda karnay walay maday jab sasn ki naalioon mein dakhil hotay aur jism mein jism mein Histamine ki miqdar bar jati hay sasn ki naaliyan sukar jati hain aur andar ki taraf sozish hojati hai ti bhar ki hawa puri miqdar mein dakhil nahi hosakti iss tara oxygen ki kami hojati hai.aur sasn laynay mein sakht takleef hoti hai yeh khaansi ka sabab banti hai. mareez ka sasn ikar jata hai.

Clinical Features
Dama kay mareez ki ilaamaat dosray logun jo COPD kay hawai Flaw ki kami mein mumtala hoatay hain, qadarti toor par mushbohat rakhti hain shadeed khaansi dosri ilaamaat se ziadha wazay hoti hay. Dama kay hamlay muktilif hotay hain. Khafeef khaansi kay doray aam hotay hain. Yeh aisi ilaamaat raat kay waqt ziadha hoti hain shadeed khaansi dosri ilaamaat se ziadha wazay hoti hai. dama kay hamlay muktilif hotay hai. bazz mareezon ko saal mein sirf ik bar dama ka hamla hota hai jo sirf chand ghantay rehata hai dama kat aseraat admi ki rozana ki masroofiat, kaam, jismani Activities aur khaayalat-o-khawishaat mein badmazgae paida kartay hain.
Mareez ko raat bhar baychaini rehti hai. khaanstay khaanstay gala band hojata hai. dam ghatnay lagta hai. seenay mein nakablay bardashat dard hoti hai. cheraha surkh hojata hai. khaanstay waqt lungs se ajeeb-o-gareeb qism ki awazain nikalti hain. Jo hath rakhnay se mehsoos ki jasakti hain. 


Laboratory Test
1. Artarial Blood Gases
Khoon kay test mein oxygen ki level dekhi jasakti hai jo kam hogae aur white cells ki tahdad ziadah hogae. Electrolytes ka pata bhi khoon test se hoga.
2. Skin Test
Kharji asbab janay kay liye Skin Test zarori hain.
3. Chest X-Ray
Asthma kay shadeed hamlay kay baad foran chest ka x-ray liya jaye yeh neumonia etc kay asraat janay mein nadadgar hosakta hai.
4. Flow Charts
Bronchodilator se phelay aur bistar par latnay se phelay FEPR ki paimaish karnay se huwa ka muktilif dabao bazahir Charts maloom kiya jasakta hai kay sasn letay waqt oxygen ki sahi miqdar haii. Iss se Asthma ki ilaamaat ka pata chal sakay ga. Yeh mareez ki bemari ka doraniyan janchnay aur ilaaj shuru karnay mein mafiad hoga. Peak Flow kaii haftay karna parday ga.
5. Exercise Test
Exercise bachon ko Asthma ki tashkhees karnay mein madad karnay mein madad karti hain. Bachay ko kisi Track par muksoos wazan kay sath jo ik minute mein dil ki dharkan 160 tak paida karlay, dornaa chahaye.